Safety and Hazards in Oil and Gas Industry - 4535 Words

Occupational Hazards in Oil amp; Gas Industry Occupational Hazards in Oil amp; Gas Industry Dr Salahedin Bendak Nauman SharifU00015925 Mohammad Alghafri U00017849 15-May-12 Dr Salahedin Bendak Nauman SharifU00015925 Mohammad Alghafri U00017849 15-May-12 Design for Environment amp; Safety Engineering. Design for Environment amp; Safety Engineering. Table of Contents What is oil and gas industry? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦2 How oil and gas is drilled for? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Occupational Hazards †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦4 Occupational Hazards in Oil and Gas Industry †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Safety implementation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 What is oil and gas†¦show more content†¦The process of drilling for oil is classified into three segments; Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. Each is explained below in a condensed form: Primary During the primary recovery stage, reservoir drive comes from a number of natural mechanisms. These include: natural water displacing oil downward into the well, expansion of the natural gas at the top of the reservoir, expansion of gas initially dissolved in the crude oil. Secondary At some point there will be insufficient underground pressure to force the oil to the surface or the viscosity of the oil will be too high. Hence, secondary recovery methods are applied. Sometimes pumps, such as beam pumps and electrical submersible pumps (ESPs), are used to bring the oil to the surface. Other secondary recovery techniques increase the reservoirs pressure by water injection, natural gas reinjection and gas lift. Tertiary Thermally enhanced oil recovery methods (TEOR) are tertiary recovery techniques that heat the oil, thus reducing its viscosity and making it easier to extract. Steam injection is the most common form of TEOR. Here, a gas turbine is used to generate electricity and the waste heat is used to produce steam, which is then injected into the reservoir. Occasionally surfactants are injected to alter the surface tension between the water and oil in the reservoir, mobilizing the oil.Show MoreRelatedSafety and Hazards in Oil and Gas Industry4544 Words   |  19 PagesOccupational Hazards in Oil amp; Gas Industry Occupational Hazards in Oil amp; Gas Industry Dr Salahedin Bendak Nauman SharifU00015925 Mohammad Alghafri U00017849 15-May-12 Dr Salahedin Bendak Nauman SharifU00015925 Mohammad Alghafri U00017849 15-May-12 Design for Environment amp; Safety Engineering. Design for Environment amp; Safety Engineering. Table of Contents What is oil and gas industry? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦2 How oil and gas is drilled for? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Occupational Hazards †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreOil and Gas Ohs1703 Words   |  7 PagesSAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY Author : Subhrajit Bose Managing Partner / Lead Architect Sustainability – NextLink Solutions 3 2 1 Introduction: Safety and health management is one of the vital constituents of Oil and Gas industry activities because most of the operational conditions, chemicals and end products (hydrocarbons and other compounds) associated with Oil and Gas production are well known to pose serious safety and health threats to the workersRead MoreCauses Of Accupational Health And Safety In The Energy Industry1281 Words   |  6 Pagesof oil and gas sector, is rapidly growing because of horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF). This growth has resulted in creation of new jobs and booming of the economy. The sector occupational accident rate is two and half times greater than the construction sector and seven times greater than general industry; though, injury rates are lesser compare to construction section, suggesting injuries are not being reported. Workers are exposed to different kinds of hazards; someRead MoreOil And Gas Production And The Effect On The Environment1713 Words   |  7 PagesDavid Muhizi Mberwa Petroleum Fundamental Final Paper Fall 2015 Oil and Gas production and the Effect on the environment The aim of this report is to hypothetically evaluate how oil and gas production can affect our environment. The purpose is to recognize the issues such as pollution, water infection and soil deterioration caused by the extraction of precious fluids for both onshore and offshore production. Then identify its negative effect on the health, economy, and environment change of theRead MoreA Business Of Oil And Gas Exploration2355 Words   |  10 PagesCHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW Just as the business of oil and gas exploration and production is capital and human intensive (Johnson, 2006), so is the risk. The human risk is underscored by the high fatality rate experienced in the sector (Mode Conway, 2008), which by far is greater than that of other industries like construction, automobiles and the general industry within the period of 2003 to 2013 (Cole, 2003). With the advancement in the oil and gas exploration technology, more companies are investingRead MoreEconomic Concerns Of Deepwater Completions And Workover Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pagescompletions are similar to other oil and gas well drilling operations. Extemporaneous releases of hydrocarbons to the environment can occur during drilling or completion of the well. Macondo was not the first oil spill accident in offshore platforms, and will not be the last either. Oil spill is the main reason of environmental hazard with the flow of tons of oil into the sea water degrading marine and wildlife. Whil e oil spilling is a regular phenomenon in the offshore industry (498 blowouts worldwide duringRead MoreRisk Assessment And Action Plan1646 Words   |  7 Pages Energy Risk â€Æ' Energy Risk Being risk averse in an industry plagued with risk is a difficult task. However, identifying and managing risk is crucial in the capital intensive energy industry. Effective risk management leads to increased revenues, decreased costs and capital, and can propel a business to success. The information outlined will offer a discussion of how to identify and mange areas of risk and additionally, detail a process flow for successful implementation. Identifying AreasRead MoreSafety Culture A Viable Method Of For Directing Worker s Beliefs, Approaches, And Performances Essay1560 Words   |  7 PagesSafety Culture A viable method of for directing worker’s beliefs, approaches, and performances regarding organizational safety. Sukadarin et al. 2012 The collective and knowledgeable implication, experiences and understanding of job and safety, spoken partly characteristically and also includes peoples’ guidance. Ritcher and Koch 2004, Sukadarin et al. 2012 It includes shared values and beliefs which interact with structure and control systems of an organization to yield social standards.Read MoreProcess Safety Management Process in Oiland Gas Industry Essay2653 Words   |  11 Pages1.0 INTRODUCTION Process Safety Management in oil and gas operations involves a risk management system that focuses on identifying and controlling the hazards arising from oil and gas Processes.Process safety management in oil and gas operations has proven quite a big challenge for oil and gas operators and stake holders involved in the industry. Oil gas and operations involves a complex process that is characterised with hazardous substances, if not controlled and managed properly could leadRead MoreInvestigating The External Factors That Act As Major Threats Facing Exxonmobil1553 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious standards issued to protect the safety of workers and the environment. Violation of these standards has resulted in serious injuries to workers and pollution to the surrounding environment in which the company operates. Agencies such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have imposed stiff fines and lawsuits against ExxonMob il for such violations. Operational Hazards While safety standards have been put into place by the

Job Stress - 3148 Words

Over the past few decades, many people are hearing more about job related stress. With many households depending on duel incomes, people are working more and having less leisure time. Many claim that job stress has contributed to such illnesses as heart disease, depression, gastric problems, exhaustion, and many other related illnesses. This paper will focus on the background issues surrounding stress; as well as, the steps that need to be taken by one#8217;s self and the employer. According to The Random House Dictionary, stress is defined as #8220;physical, mental, or emotional tension.#8221; Job stress occurs when demands are imposed upon the workers in which they can not meet those demands, or when there are not†¦show more content†¦136). At stage four, one can experience problems getting through the day. Once-pleasant activities become quite difficult, and the ability to communicate in social affairs or talking with friends becomes quite burdensome. There is more d ifficulty sleeping with the occurrence of unpleasant King 4 dreams. The stressed individual develops a feeling of negativism, inability to concentrate, and nameless fears. Stage five is represented by a deepening of the stage four symptoms along with extreme fatigue (Bensahel et al., 1984, p. 137). The final stage can produce terrifying symptoms. This can include heart pounding and panic caused by release of adrenaline. There is often gasping for breath, trembling, shivering, sweating, numb and tingling hands and feet, and sheer exhaustion. The symptoms of stress are frequently conflicting and confusing. #8220;The stress disorder is essentially a step-by-step exhaustion of the body#8217;s fuel reserves#8221; (Bensahel et al., 1984, p. 139) During the early 1980s, workers compensation claims nearly tripled for those reporting stress related illness due to work (Schor, 1991, p. 11). There has been a dramatic increase in the number of stress related illnesses, particula rly among women. Jobs have been a major contributing factor to this stress. Only one-forth of wives with children held paying jobs outside the home in the 1960s. By the 1990s, two-thirds of American wivesShow MoreRelated Job Stress Essay3039 Words   |  13 Pagesmore about job related stress. With many households depending on duel incomes, people are working more and having less leisure time. Many claim that job stress has contributed to such illnesses as heart disease, depression, gastric problems, exhaustion, and many other related illnesses. This paper will focus on the background issues surrounding stress; as well as, the steps that need to be taken by oneamp;#8217;s self and the employer. According to The Random House Dictionary, stress is definedRead MoreJob Stress : An Essential Component Of Communication1635 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidered to be one such profession. Over the last 10 years, nurses consistently reported the highest levels of job stress out of all healthcare professionals (American Nurse Association, 2011). Job stress is noted to cause harmful physical, psychological and emotional responses which occur when the needs of the job do not meet the needs of the worker. Amongst nurses, the highest sources of stress are due to the heavy workload, poor management, professional conflicts, and the emotional demands of caringRead MoreJob Stress and Its Impact on Employee Performance18500 Words   |  74 PagesCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction to the topic People at work worry about all sorts of things; increasing competition for jobs, globalization, terrorism, looking after aging parent and relatives, annual appraisal, new technology, outsourcing of jobs along with increased demand of employer for higher productivity. These and some other factors make the employees experience certain pressures at times. Like they have to meet certain deadlines, cope with some unusual but critical situations on theirRead MoreAn Investigation into Related Job Stress and Job Satisfaction1050 Words   |  5 PagesCaribbean University to investigate the relation between job satisfaction and job stress among teachers. According to French Caplan (1972) job stress is as a result of a misfit between an individual and their environment. Research topic: â€Å"An investigation into related job stress and job satisfaction† Job Stress Among Teachers Related job stress and job satisfaction have been a topic researched by several scholars and now by me. The issue of stress in the teaching profession as caused a serious concernRead MoreEssay about Job Stress1011 Words   |  5 Pagesmeeting. Day after day it is the same thing at your job and you have become highly stressed out. In my paper I am going to explain why job stress happens and ways that you can relieve it. One type of stress is job stress. Job stress is when the stressors involved are work related. NIOSH the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health states, job stress is the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needsRead MoreEssay on Stress and Its Effects on Job Performance2642 Words   |  11 PagesStress and Its Effects on Job Performance Who of you worrying can add a single hour to his life? Since you cannot do this very little thing, why do you worry about the rest? -Luke 12:25-26 Whether you are talking to a college professor, a nuclear physicist, a doctor or the fifteen year-old flipping burgers at your neighborhood McDonalds, a common factor that ties all of their very different jobs together is job-related stress. Stress comes in many forms and it affects people in manyRead MoreThe Impact of Job Stress on Employees’ Productivity in an Organisation1960 Words   |  8 PagesIMPACT OF WORK STRESS ON EMPLOYEES’ PRODUCTIVITY IN AN ORGANIZATION CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY There has been an increasing amount of talk about â€Å"employee stress† over the past decade. Quite what it is and how best to combat it are two aspects which are rather less-documented. Stress is a more subjective topic than most we have so far encountered. People may have widely differing views about its causes, impacts and, even, very existence. The workplace of the 21st centuryRead MoreThe Impact of Mental Illnesses and Health Problems from Work-Related Stress on Employees in Office Jobs2507 Words   |  10 Pagesand Health Problems from Work-Related Stress on Employees in Office Jobs Introduction Year after year a behavioral change began to impact her life; she became irritable, fatigued and gained almost fifty pounds. She was no longer fun to be around and isolated herself away from everyone. Her kids would ask if she was okay and knew something was wrong. The work-related stress and harassment she received from her bosses triggered symptoms of depression. The job took place at Unknown Healthcare whereRead MoreImpact of Organizational Structure and Culture on Job Satisfaction, Job Stress and Employee Motivation: a Survey of Existing Litreature15110 Words   |  61 PagesIMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND CULTURE ON JOB SATISFACTION, JOB STRESS AND EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION: A SURVEY OF EXISTING LITREATURE ABSTRACT Effectively managing human resources in the organizations is a big concern both for HR managers and the policy makers of the organization. To have a satisfied, motivated, less stressed performing workforce an organization must have consistency amongst its structure, system, people, culture and good fit with the strategy. In this paper an attempt has beenRead MoreJob Satisfaction, Work Attitude and Stress Tolerance of Public Elementary School Teachers3651 Words   |  15 PagesSCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study Job satisfaction is simply how people feel about their jobs and different aspects of their jobs. It is the extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs. As it is generally assessed, job satisfaction is an attitudinal variable. In the past, job satisfaction was approached by some researchers from the perspective of need fulfilment – that is, whether or not the job met the employee’s physical and psychological needs

Economic Importance of Natural Resources free essay sample

The mineral resources constitute a vast potential wealth of our country and varieties of mineral resources are available in all countries namely; iron, manganese, mica, bauxite, gypsum, titanium, thorium, uranium, chromium etc. These mineral resources, when used, in a prudent and judicious manner have the powers to convert a developing country into a developed country. Iron: Iron ore plays a key role in the industrialization of a nation and some developing countries are found to be rich in iron ore deposits. Most of the iron ores are found nearer to the coal mines and other smelting materials. This advantage helps the country to produce iron economically. When any country is abundant with iron ores, it can enjoy a great value in the international market and those countries are capable of exporting iron mainly to other needy countries. Manganese: Even though manganese is not a major raw material for any industry, it is used in small quantities in almost all industrial units in their production processes. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Importance of Natural Resources or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For these reasons, the mineral is also called as jack of all trades. It is used in almost all the industrial units in small quantities. It is used in significant quantities in iron and steel industries, chemical and plastic industries and in the manufacture of dry batteries. Mica: Mica is a wonderful mineral and the mineral is an insulator for heat and electricity and on account of these reasons, mica is used in the electrical industry in a significant proportion. Bauxite: Bauxite is the main sources of aluminum and it is called a wonder metal because of the wide variety of its applications in many industries including aircraft industry. Bauxite deposits are found in many countries in the world. Gypsum: It is a mineral of great economic importance and it is used as a raw material in fertilizer industries and in the manufacture of cement. These two industries contribute significantly to the economic development of a nation. Thus, gypsum is a mineral of great economic importance. Titanium: Titanium mineral has a great economic significance and it is used in the manufacture of decorative paints and also in the manufacture of high speed steel. Thorium: Thorium is one of the mineral resources used in the generation of atomic energy and it is widely distributed in many parts of the world. Uranium: Uranium has a great significance in the generation of nuclear energy and uranium deposits are found in many parts of the world. Chromite: This mineral is used in the manufacture of stainless steel and chromium is obtained from chromium and it is used in the electroplating, dyeing and paint manufacturing industries. The economic importance of other minerals: Most of the non-ferrous metals including copper, zinc and tin have great economic importance. The silicon, limestone and clays are used in the manufacture of glass, pottery, tiles and pipes. These products find a large number of uses in the day to day life.

Jasper Jones as a Bildungsroman Essay Example

Jasper Jones as a Bildungsroman Paper Jasper Jones, a novel set in the mid-1960’s, is the story of an adolescent boy, Charlie Bucktin. It illustrates that making choices is a significant part of human behaviour. Individuals have to live with the consequences of their decisions. Studying this novel written by Craig Silvery in 2009, broadens an understanding of the process of choices and draws conclusions about the factors involved in coming of age. In other words, Jasper Jones is a bildungsroman. The main protagonist Charlie is best described as a wallflower, the improbable hero who seems to shy away from conflict and perceives the world on the basis of words written by the likes of Harper Lee and Mark Twain. Silvey’s extremely careful composition of Charlie aids and enables us to perceive the story on a highly un-biased, open-minded and impartial basis. Within the first chapter, Charlie is placed in an unfamiliar situation, challenging and awakening his initial thoughts on what is right and wrong, thoughts like â€Å"We have drowned her.† â€Å"We are monsters†. The youthful, sheltered boy who commits this act alongside the infamous Jasper Jones and begins his journey with an undying sense of doubt, but we soon see how Charlie perceives Jasper, his fellow accomplice; â€Å"I think he’s the most honest person in this town†. This bold bond, formed in secrecy, exposes young Charlie to ever-looming maturity, a window into a world that leaves the truth bare and reveals the faults that lie within the streets of Corrigan. Charlie has yet to experience this in its full force but Jasper’s presence prompts the rise of inquisitive questions in his mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Jasper Jones as a Bildungsroman specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jasper Jones as a Bildungsroman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jasper Jones as a Bildungsroman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A cry for help from the town’s half-caste misfit triggers the Charlie’s development into adulthood. We the reader get to see the gradual evolution of moral understanding that he endures as he observes the world the adults. This quote from just after the night he sees Laura Wishart’s body, â€Å"This night has pickpocketed m